A mature canyon live oak beside a young one, the young growth carrying holly-spined leaves and the mature crown smooth-edged ones

Canyon live oak

One tree that looks like two, and an acorn cup that settles the argument in about ten seconds.

In brief

Quercus chrysolepis, Fagaceae.

- Evergreen tree
- Native to California, Oregon, Arizona and Baja California
- Flowers April and May
- Fruit an acorn, two years to ripen

Where it grows

Canyons and slopes through the foothills and the mountains.

When it blooms

Catkins in April and May, and easy to miss entirely.

Seed and fruit

An acorn sitting in a shallow, thick cup smothered in golden scurf. Nothing else in California has that cup, which is why the tree is also called golden-cup oak.

Here

This is the tree that spent years looking like a third species. Young and shrubby growth carries holly-spined leaves; the mature crown carries smooth-edged ones, and often both are on the same tree. Two plant-identification apps read the spiny growth as a different oak. The leaf underside is dull and pale rather than glossy, and the acorn cup is conclusive.

The cup that settles it

The acorn sits in a shallow, thick saucer smothered in golden scurf, and nothing else in California has one. It is why the tree is also called golden-cup oak, and it is faster than any leaf.